Working Paper |
File Downloads |
Abstract Views |
Last month |
3 months |
12 months |
Total |
Last month |
3 months |
12 months |
Total |
A Data–Cleaning Augmented Kalman Filter for Robust Estimation of State Space Models |
0 |
0 |
2 |
82 |
1 |
2 |
7 |
88 |
A Durbin-Levinson Regularized Estimator of High Dimensional Autocovariance Matrices |
0 |
0 |
0 |
16 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
55 |
A Durbin-Levinson Regularized Estimator of High Dimensional Autocovariance Matrices |
0 |
0 |
1 |
59 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
52 |
A Monthly Indicator of the Euro Area GDP |
0 |
1 |
6 |
91 |
0 |
4 |
18 |
310 |
A Monthly Indicator of the Euro Area GDP |
0 |
1 |
2 |
218 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
465 |
A data-cleaning augmented Kalman filter for robust estimation of state space models |
1 |
2 |
3 |
75 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
120 |
A generalized exponential time series regression model for electricity prices |
0 |
0 |
0 |
134 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
167 |
A seasonal integration analysis of the italian consumption quarterly time series |
0 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
11 |
Band Spectral Estimation for Signal Extraction |
0 |
0 |
0 |
137 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
314 |
Band-Pass Filtering with High-Dimensional Time Series |
0 |
0 |
2 |
5 |
1 |
4 |
7 |
19 |
Band-Pass Filtering with High-Dimensional Time Series |
0 |
0 |
2 |
28 |
1 |
2 |
8 |
26 |
Bayesian stochastic model specification search for seasonal and calendar effects |
0 |
0 |
0 |
45 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
105 |
Bayesian stochastic model specification search for seasonal and calendar effects |
0 |
1 |
1 |
36 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
108 |
Characterising the Business Cycle for Accession Countries |
0 |
0 |
0 |
196 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
532 |
Characterising the Business Cycle for Accession Countries |
0 |
0 |
0 |
312 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
700 |
Characterizing economic trends by Bayesian stochastic model specifi cation search |
0 |
0 |
0 |
81 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
190 |
Characterizing economic trends by Bayesian stochastic model specification search |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
158 |
Characterizing economic trends by Bayesian stochastic model specification search |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
178 |
Characterizing the Business Cycle for Accession Countries |
0 |
0 |
2 |
175 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
543 |
Dating the Euro Area Business Cycle |
0 |
1 |
2 |
427 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
1,343 |
Dating the Euro Area Business Cycle |
0 |
2 |
4 |
347 |
1 |
3 |
5 |
1,134 |
Dating the Euro Area Business Cycle |
0 |
1 |
3 |
313 |
0 |
3 |
8 |
1,072 |
Direct and iterated multistep AR methods for difference stationary processes |
0 |
0 |
0 |
72 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
171 |
Does the Box-Cox Transformation Help in Forecasting Macroeconomic Time Series? |
0 |
0 |
1 |
46 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
131 |
Does the Box-Cox transformation help in forecasting macroeconomic time series? |
0 |
0 |
0 |
128 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
199 |
Does the Box-Cox transformation help in forecasting macroeconomic time series? |
0 |
0 |
0 |
19 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
101 |
Dynamic Factor Analysis with Nonlinear Temporal Aggregation Constraints |
0 |
0 |
0 |
290 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
554 |
Efficient Nonparametric Estimation of Generalized Autocovariances |
0 |
1 |
1 |
21 |
0 |
2 |
5 |
32 |
Estimating Potential Output and the Output Gap for the Euro Area: a Model-Based Production Function Approach |
0 |
1 |
1 |
949 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
2,056 |
Estimation of Common Factors under Cross-Sectional and Temporal Aggregation Constraints: Nowcasting Monthly GDP and its Main Components |
0 |
0 |
0 |
179 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
419 |
EuroMInd-C: a Disaggregate Monthly Indicator of Economic Activity for the Euro |
0 |
1 |
2 |
62 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
121 |
EuroMInd-C: a Disaggregate Monthly Indicator of Economic Activity for the Euro Area and member countries |
0 |
0 |
1 |
68 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
147 |
EuroMInd-D: A Density Estimate of Monthly Gross Domestic Product for the Euro Area |
0 |
0 |
0 |
64 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
97 |
EuroMInd-D: A Density Estimate of Monthly Gross Domestic Product for the Euro Area |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
125 |
EuroMInd-D: A density estimate of monthly gross domestic product for the euro area |
0 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
97 |
Exponential Smoothing, Long Memory and Volatility Prediction |
0 |
0 |
1 |
85 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
122 |
Exponential Smoothing, Long Memory and Volatility Prediction |
0 |
1 |
1 |
110 |
0 |
3 |
7 |
112 |
Exponential Smoothing, Long Memory and Volatility Prediction |
0 |
0 |
0 |
38 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
67 |
Extracting the Cyclical Component in Hours Worked: a Bayesian Approach |
0 |
0 |
0 |
83 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
256 |
Forecasting Volatility with Time-Varying Leverage and Volatility of Volatility Effects |
0 |
0 |
0 |
123 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
121 |
Forecasting and Signal Extraction with Misspecified Models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
181 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
388 |
Generalised Linear Spectral Models |
0 |
0 |
1 |
52 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
109 |
Generalised partial autocorrelations and the mutual information between past and future |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
89 |
Generalised partial autocorrelations and the mutual information between past and future |
0 |
0 |
0 |
39 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
67 |
Growth accounting for the euro area: a structural approach |
0 |
0 |
0 |
167 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
365 |
Has the Volatility of U.S. Inflation Changed and How? |
0 |
1 |
1 |
166 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
336 |
Hyper-spherical and Elliptical Stochastic Cycles |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
240 |
Leave-k-out diagnostics in state space models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
35 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
205 |
Low-Pass Filter Design using Locally Weighted Polynomial Regression and Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
94 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
563 |
Maximum likelihood estimation of time series models: the Kalman filter and beyond |
0 |
1 |
1 |
185 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
294 |
Maximum likelihood estimation of time series models: the Kalman filter and beyond |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58 |
0 |
2 |
4 |
233 |
Measuring Core Inflation by Multivariate Structural Time Series Models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
206 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
375 |
Modelling Cycles in Climate Series: the Fractional Sinusoidal Waveform Process |
0 |
0 |
4 |
63 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
47 |
New proposals for the quantification of qualitative survey data |
0 |
0 |
0 |
127 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
324 |
Nowcasting GDP and its Components in a Data-rich Environment: the Merits of the Indirect Approach |
1 |
1 |
2 |
63 |
2 |
4 |
17 |
116 |
Nowcasting Monthly GDP with Big Data: a Model Averaging Approach |
1 |
1 |
4 |
95 |
1 |
2 |
7 |
108 |
On the Equivalence of the Weighted Least Squares and the Generalised Least Squares Estimators, with Applications to Kernel Smoothing |
0 |
0 |
0 |
71 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
240 |
On the Estimation of Nonlinearly Aggregated Mixed Models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
148 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
431 |
On the Model Based Interpretation of Filters and the Reliability of Trend-Cycle Estimates |
0 |
0 |
4 |
87 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
230 |
On the Model-Based Interpretation of Filters and the Reliability of Trend-Cycle Estimates |
0 |
0 |
0 |
296 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
612 |
On the Selection of Common Factors for Macroeconomic Forecasting |
0 |
0 |
0 |
39 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54 |
On the Selection of Common Factors for Macroeconomic Forecasting |
0 |
0 |
0 |
76 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
121 |
On the Selection of Common Factors for Macroeconomic Forecasting |
0 |
0 |
1 |
36 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
73 |
On the Spectral Properties of Matrices Associated with Trend Filters |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
163 |
Outlier Detection in Structural Time Series Models: the Indicator Saturation Approach |
0 |
0 |
0 |
39 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
179 |
Outlier Detection in Structural Time Series Models: the Indicator Saturation Approach |
0 |
0 |
1 |
42 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
139 |
Outlier Detection in Structural Time Series Models: the Indicator Saturation Approach |
0 |
0 |
0 |
172 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
104 |
Outlier detection in structural time series models: The indicator saturation approach |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
116 |
Patterns of industrial specialisation in post-Unification Italy |
0 |
0 |
0 |
67 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
99 |
Patterns of industrial specialisation in post-unification Italy |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
19 |
Peaks, Gaps, and Time Reversibility of Economic Time Series |
0 |
0 |
3 |
59 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
64 |
Predictability, Real Time Estimation, and the Formulation of Unobserved Components Models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
78 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
89 |
Real Time Estimation in Local Polynomial Regression, with Application to Trend-Cycle Analysis |
0 |
0 |
1 |
93 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
316 |
Seasonal Changes in Central England Temperatures |
0 |
0 |
0 |
31 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
95 |
Seasonal Changes in Central England Temperatures |
0 |
0 |
0 |
31 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
51 |
Seasonal Specific Structural Time Series Models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
257 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
433 |
Seasonality in High Frequency Time Series |
0 |
1 |
5 |
74 |
0 |
2 |
7 |
90 |
Seasonality, Forecast Extensions and Business Cycle Uncertainty |
0 |
0 |
0 |
160 |
0 |
1 |
4 |
395 |
Some Reflections on Trend-Cycle Decompositions with Correlated Components |
0 |
0 |
0 |
309 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
569 |
Some Reflections on Trend-Cycle Decompositions with Correlated Components |
0 |
0 |
0 |
162 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
330 |
Spikes and memory in (Nord Pool) electricity price spot prices |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
42 |
Spikes and memory in (Nord Pool) electricity price spot prices |
0 |
0 |
0 |
42 |
1 |
3 |
5 |
63 |
Stochastic trends and seasonality in economic time series: new evidence from Bayesian stochastic model specification search |
0 |
0 |
0 |
89 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
172 |
Stochastic trends and seasonality in economic time series: new evidence from Bayesian stochastic model specification search |
0 |
0 |
0 |
13 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
67 |
Structural Time Series Modelling of Capacity Utilisation |
0 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
35 |
Structural Time Series Models for Business Cycle Analysis |
0 |
0 |
0 |
66 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
168 |
Structural Time Series Models for Business Cycle Analysis |
0 |
0 |
3 |
681 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
1,453 |
Structural properties of the new quarterly series on consumption |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
13 |
Survey Data as Coicident or Leading Indicators |
0 |
0 |
0 |
71 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
201 |
Survey Data as Coincident or Leading Indicators |
0 |
0 |
1 |
37 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
165 |
Temporal Disaggregation by State Space Methods: Dynamic Regression Methods Revisited |
0 |
0 |
3 |
502 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
1,160 |
The Effects of Unification: Markets, Policy and Cyclical Convergence in Italy, 1861-1913 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
109 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
330 |
The Exponential Model for the Spectrum of a Time Series: Extensions and Applications |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
64 |
The Exponential Model for the Spectrum of a Time Series: Extensions and Applications |
0 |
1 |
3 |
42 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
64 |
The Exponential Model for the Spectrum of a Time Series: Extensions and Applications |
0 |
0 |
0 |
97 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
109 |
The Generalised Autocovariance Function |
0 |
0 |
0 |
28 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
99 |
The Generalised Autocovariance Function |
0 |
0 |
0 |
70 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
134 |
The Multistep Beveridge-Nelson Decomposition |
0 |
0 |
0 |
244 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
580 |
The Multistep Beveridge-Nelson Decomposition |
0 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
69 |
The Multistep Beveridge-Nelson Decomposition |
0 |
0 |
0 |
75 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
183 |
The Variance Profile |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
201 |
The comovements of construction in Italy's regions, 1861-1913 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
62 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
185 |
Transformations and Seasonal Adjustment: Analytic Solutions and Case Studies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
164 |
Trend Estimation |
0 |
0 |
1 |
160 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
357 |
Total Working Papers |
3 |
21 |
80 |
11,896 |
30 |
88 |
271 |
27,567 |
Journal Article |
File Downloads |
Abstract Views |
Last month |
3 months |
12 months |
Total |
Last month |
3 months |
12 months |
Total |
2nd Special Issue on Statistical Signal Extraction and Filtering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
23 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
62 |
A Beveridge-Nelson smoother |
0 |
0 |
1 |
122 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
242 |
A Durbin–Levinson regularized estimator of high-dimensional autocovariance matrices |
0 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
32 |
A Systemic Approach to Estimating the Output Gap for the Italian Economy |
0 |
3 |
5 |
27 |
3 |
8 |
16 |
75 |
A class of periodic trend models for seasonal time series |
0 |
1 |
1 |
9 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
24 |
A data-cleaning augmented Kalman filter for robust estimation of state space models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
1 |
2 |
7 |
47 |
Band spectral estimation for signal extraction |
0 |
0 |
0 |
44 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
160 |
Business Cycles in the New EU Member Countries and their Conformity with the Euro Area |
0 |
0 |
0 |
80 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
214 |
Characterising economic trends by Bayesian stochastic model specification search |
0 |
0 |
0 |
9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79 |
Characterizing Asymmetries in Business Cycles Using Smooth-Transition Structural Time-Series Models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
91 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
236 |
Comparing seasonal components for structural time series models |
0 |
1 |
5 |
207 |
0 |
3 |
12 |
609 |
Component-wise Representations of Long-memory Models and Volatility Prediction |
0 |
0 |
1 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
49 |
Convergence in Italian regional per-capita GDP |
0 |
0 |
0 |
158 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
539 |
Dating Business Cycles: A Methodological Contribution with an Application to the Euro Area |
0 |
0 |
2 |
194 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
563 |
Direct and iterated multistep AR methods for difference stationary processes |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
33 |
Direct and iterated multistep AR methods for difference stationary processes |
0 |
0 |
0 |
13 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
83 |
Discussion of The class of CUB models: statistical foundations, inferential issues and empirical evidence |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
20 |
Does the Box–Cox transformation help in forecasting macroeconomic time series? |
0 |
2 |
6 |
50 |
1 |
6 |
15 |
245 |
Dynamic factor analysis with non‐linear temporal aggregation constraints |
0 |
0 |
0 |
87 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
260 |
EUROMIND: a monthly indicator of the euro area economic conditions |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
14 |
222 |
Editorial |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
Estimating potential output and the output gap for the euro area: a model-based production function approach |
0 |
0 |
1 |
210 |
0 |
1 |
11 |
528 |
Estimation of Common Factors under Cross‐Sectional and Temporal Aggregation Constraints |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
30 |
EuroMInd-C: A disaggregate monthly indicator of economic activity for the Euro area and member countries |
0 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
67 |
Euromind‐ D: A Density Estimate of Monthly Gross Domestic Product for the Euro Area |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
54 |
Extracting the Cyclical Component in Hours Worked |
0 |
0 |
0 |
27 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
114 |
Forecasting and signal extraction with misspecified models |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
193 |
Forecasting the US unemployment rate |
0 |
0 |
0 |
162 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
347 |
Forecasting volatility with time-varying leverage and volatility of volatility effects |
0 |
0 |
2 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
30 |
Growth accounting for the euro area |
0 |
0 |
0 |
17 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
77 |
Has the Volatility of U.S. Inflation Changed and How? |
0 |
0 |
0 |
77 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
213 |
Hyper‐spherical and elliptical stochastic cycles |
0 |
0 |
1 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
60 |
Introduction |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
79 |
LEAVE‐K‐OUT DIAGNOSTICS IN STATE‐SPACE MODELS |
0 |
0 |
0 |
74 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
250 |
Missing data in time series: A note on the equivalence of the dummy variable and the skipping approaches |
0 |
0 |
1 |
45 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
103 |
Modelling cycles in climate series: The fractional sinusoidal waveform process |
0 |
1 |
9 |
9 |
3 |
4 |
19 |
19 |
Multivariate temporal disaggregation with cross-sectional constraints |
0 |
0 |
2 |
21 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
99 |
New algorithms for dating the business cycle |
0 |
0 |
0 |
66 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
129 |
New proposals for the quantification of qualitative survey data |
0 |
0 |
0 |
34 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
89 |
Nowcasting GDP and its components in a data-rich environment: The merits of the indirect approach |
3 |
4 |
7 |
18 |
4 |
5 |
16 |
50 |
Nowcasting monthly GDP with big data: A model averaging approach |
0 |
0 |
2 |
24 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
68 |
ON THE SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF MATRICES ASSOCIATED WITH TREND FILTERS |
0 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
49 |
On the Model-Based Interpretation of Filters and the Reliability of Trend-Cycle Estimates |
0 |
0 |
1 |
55 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
146 |
On the equivalence of the weighted least squares and the generalised least squares estimators, with applications to kernel smoothing |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52 |
Outlier detection in structural time series models: The indicator saturation approach |
0 |
0 |
1 |
18 |
0 |
1 |
4 |
99 |
Patterns of industrial specialisation in post-Unification Italy |
0 |
0 |
0 |
13 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
59 |
Peaks, gaps, and time‐reversibility of economic time series |
0 |
0 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
9 |
19 |
Persistence of Shocks on Seasonal Processes |
0 |
0 |
1 |
55 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
205 |
Predictability, real time estimation, and the formulation of unobserved components models |
0 |
0 |
1 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
18 |
SEASONALITY, FORECAST EXTENSIONS AND BUSINESS CYCLE UNCERTAINTY |
0 |
0 |
0 |
29 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
116 |
Seasonal Specific Structural Time Series |
0 |
0 |
0 |
84 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
240 |
Seasonal changes in central England temperatures |
0 |
0 |
1 |
11 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
53 |
Seasonality in High Frequency Time Series |
1 |
3 |
7 |
9 |
2 |
7 |
24 |
27 |
Short-Run Dynamics in Cointegrated Systems |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
403 |
Signal extraction and filtering by linear semiparametric methods |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
129 |
Spurious periodic autoregressions |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
317 |
State space modeling of Gegenbauer processes with long memory |
1 |
1 |
1 |
22 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
68 |
Stochastic trends and seasonality in economic time series: new evidence from Bayesian stochastic model specification search |
0 |
0 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
74 |
Survey data as coincident or leading indicators |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58 |
0 |
1 |
4 |
176 |
Temporal disaggregation by state space methods: Dynamic regression methods revisited |
0 |
0 |
0 |
160 |
0 |
1 |
4 |
530 |
The Multistep Beveridge--Nelson Decomposition |
0 |
0 |
0 |
9 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
39 |
The Variance Profile |
0 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
100 |
The effects of unification: markets, policy, and cyclical convergence in Italy, 1861–1913 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
55 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
285 |
The generalised autocovariance function |
0 |
0 |
0 |
22 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
107 |
Transformations and seasonal adjustment |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
100 |
Trend-Cycle Decompositions with Correlated Components |
0 |
2 |
2 |
73 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
190 |
Trends in atmospheric ethane |
0 |
1 |
4 |
8 |
0 |
2 |
12 |
21 |
Unobserved components models with correlated disturbances |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
Total Journal Articles |
5 |
19 |
69 |
2,877 |
34 |
79 |
264 |
10,031 |