Access Statistics for Roberta Capello

Author contact details at EconPapers.

Working Paper File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
After Crisis Scenarios for CEECs: A simulation through the MASST3 model 0 0 0 29 1 2 3 81
Agglomeration economies and Urban Productivity: Location vs Agglomeration Economies 0 0 1 200 0 0 1 353
Borders and barriers: telecommunication systems 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 77
Collective learning in a milieu approach: Conceptual elements and empirical evidence from Italy 0 0 0 108 0 0 1 502
Escenarios para las regiones europeas y las provincias del Arco Latino 0 0 0 19 1 2 5 96
Ex-ante Evaluation of European ICTs Policies: Efficiency vs Cohesion Scenarios 0 0 2 120 0 0 4 250
Globalization and endogenous regional growth 0 0 1 33 1 2 8 134
Knowledge, innovation and collective learning: theory and evidence from three different productive areas in Italy 0 0 0 242 2 4 4 947
Measuring network externalities: their role on corporate and regional performance 0 0 0 61 0 0 1 154
New governance principles for sustainable urban transport 0 0 0 108 0 2 3 260
R&D, innovation and economic growth: spatial heterogeneity in Europe 0 0 0 117 2 2 4 217
Regional growth and development theories revisited 0 2 8 478 4 12 23 1,292
Smart innovation policies 0 1 2 76 1 2 4 127
Spatial and Sectoral Characteristics of Relational Capital in Innovation Activity 0 0 0 173 0 1 4 454
Telecommunications: implications and policies for a sector in transition 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 41
Territorial Capital and Regional Growth: Increasing Returns in Cognitive Knowledge Use 0 0 4 351 1 2 12 843
Territorial Patterns of Innovation in Europe 0 0 0 78 0 0 2 172
Territorial Scenarios for an Integrated Europe: Driving Forces of Change and Quantitative Forecasts 0 0 0 151 0 0 0 457
The impact of globalisation and increased trade liberalisation on European regions 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 4
The theoretical and methodological toolbox of urban economics: from and towards where? 0 0 1 339 0 1 5 604
Urban Economics at a Cross-yard: Recent Theoretical and Methodological Directions and Future Challenges 0 0 0 63 0 1 2 119
Total Working Papers 0 3 19 2,763 14 34 89 7,184


Journal Article File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
4.0 Technological transformations: heterogeneous effects on regional growth 0 0 3 8 1 2 11 18
A Handbook of Industrial Districts 0 0 0 102 0 0 0 227
A Territorial Taxonomy of Innovative Regions and the European Regional Policy Reform: Smart Innovation Policies 0 0 3 37 1 3 15 95
A forecasting territorial model of regional growth: the MASST model 0 0 0 147 1 1 4 345
A new team for new challenges 0 0 0 15 2 2 2 32
Advanced Introduction to National Innovation Systems, Cristina Chaminade, Bengt‐Åke Lundvall, Shagufa Hanneef, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2018 0 0 0 22 0 0 1 38
Advances in Regional Growth Forecasting Models 0 0 3 13 0 0 4 44
After crisis scenarios for Europe: alternative evolutions of structural adjustments 0 0 0 8 2 2 3 32
An economic-ecological model of urban growth and urban externalities: empirical evidence from Italy 0 0 2 103 0 0 3 309
Apprendimento collettivo, ICTs e performance delle PMI 0 0 0 6 0 0 1 22
At the territorial roots of global processes: Heterogeneous modes of regional involvement in Global Value Chains 0 0 1 1 4 6 12 15
Beyond Optimal City Size: An Evaluation of Alternative Urban Growth Patterns 0 1 6 47 1 3 11 132
Beyond productivity slowdown: Quality, pricing and resource reallocation in regional competitiveness 0 0 1 2 2 4 8 12
Book Review: Cities, Agglomeration and Spatial Equilibrium 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 6
Breaking Down the Border: Physical, Institutional and Cultural Obstacles 0 0 0 22 3 3 8 75
Catching-up and regional disparities: a resource-allocation approach 0 1 1 5 0 1 4 23
Citizens’ perception of Cohesion Policy: from theory to empirical evidence 0 1 4 13 0 2 7 26
Cohesion Policies and the Creation of a European Identity: The Role of Territorial Identity 0 0 2 7 2 3 9 28
Cohesion Policy and European identity building: Trust as a mediating element 1 1 1 3 2 3 9 20
Collective Learning and Relational Capital in Local Innovation Processes 0 1 1 333 1 3 9 1,354
Compensation modes of border effects in cross‐border regions 0 0 0 6 0 1 2 48
Competitiveness through integration in the European Union Strategy for the Alpine Region: a ‘balanced development’ approach 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 12
Concentrated versus diffused growth assets: agglomeration economies and regional cohesion 0 0 0 6 1 2 2 24
Continuous vs. Discrete Urban Ranks: Explaining the Evolution in the Italian Urban Hierarchy over Five Decades 0 0 1 7 1 2 5 13
Contributions by Italian scholars to regional science 0 0 0 3 0 1 2 15
Crescita urbana e cambiamento strutturale: il ruolo delle economie di agglomerazione dinamiche 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 68
Development patterns and their sources of competitiveness in the EUSALP macro-region 0 0 0 4 0 1 2 12
Economic costs of COVID‐19 for cross‐border regions 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 5
Economie di scala e dimensione urbana: teoria ed empiria rivisitate 0 0 0 8 0 0 1 27
Editorial: the raison détre of letters in spatial and resource sciences 0 0 0 11 1 1 3 72
Entrepreneurship and spatial externalities: Theory and measurement 0 0 0 205 0 0 1 586
Equilibrium vs. optimal city size: evidence from Italian cities 0 0 0 16 0 1 1 52
Ex-ante evaluation of European ICT policies: efficiency vs. cohesion scenarios 0 0 0 5 0 0 1 31
Fighting Gravity: Institutional Changes and Regional Disparities in the EU 2 4 7 32 3 7 13 62
From Cohesion Policy Implementation to European Identity 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 10
From theory to practice in smart specialization strategy: emerging limits and possible future trajectories 0 1 9 59 0 1 16 148
Globalization and Competitive Strategies in European Vulnerable Regions 0 0 0 44 5 6 8 235
Globalization and a dual Europe: future alternative growth trajectories 0 0 0 10 4 6 7 92
Great Minds in regional science, vol. 2 By Peter Batey, David Plane (Eds.), Springer Verlag. 2023. Hardcover price: 145.59. ISBN: 978‐3‐031‐13440‐1 0 0 0 4 0 1 1 11
Great minds in regional science 0 0 1 3 2 3 7 14
ICTs and territorial competitiveness in the era of internet 1 1 2 116 1 2 9 254
INDIVISIBILITIES, SYNERGY AND PROXIMITY: THE NEED FOR AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES 0 0 0 60 1 4 6 216
Il modello MASST: un modello econometrico di previsione di sviluppo delle regioni europee 0 1 1 6 0 1 2 44
In Memoriam: Roberto Camagni 0 0 2 8 0 0 3 17
In search of sustainable human settlements: Prefatory remarks 0 0 0 46 0 0 0 191
Industrial restructuring in CEE regions: determinants of regional growth in the accession and in the crisis period 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 3
Industrial transformations and regional inequalities in Europe 0 1 1 2 0 2 8 18
Industry 4.0 and servitisation: Regional patterns of 4.0 technological transformations in Europe 0 0 0 13 0 0 4 55
Innovation and Employment Dynamics in European Regions 0 0 1 20 1 1 2 66
Innovation modes and entrepreneurial behavioral characteristics in regional growth 0 0 0 25 1 3 4 104
Integrating digital and global transformations in forecasting regional growth: the MASST5 model 2 2 3 4 2 3 7 10
Interpreting and understanding territorial identity 0 0 3 8 1 3 8 23
Introduction to the special issue Information and communications networks in space 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 198
Knowledge creation and knowledge diffusion in space and regional innovation performance: introductory remarks 0 0 0 3 0 0 4 56
Knowledge, Innovation and Productivity Gains across European Regions 2 3 7 32 4 7 15 75
Knowledge, Innovation, and Regional Performance: Toward Smart Innovation Policies 0 0 0 6 0 0 2 30
L?economia urbana e la declinazione del concetto di citt?: recenti avanzamenti teorici e sfide future 0 1 1 8 0 1 2 28
La nuova geografia economica e l'economia regionale 0 0 0 8 1 1 1 28
Le novit? in "Scienze Regionali" 0 0 0 2 0 1 3 13
Macroeconomic Regional Growth Models: Theoretical, Methodological and Empirical Contributions 0 0 0 82 0 0 0 147
Macroeconomic and territorial policies for regional competitiveness: an EU perspective 0 0 1 24 0 0 5 63
Measuring border effects in European cross-border regions 1 1 3 33 2 3 6 92
Measuring the impact of legal and administrative international barriers on regional growth 0 0 0 3 1 1 3 19
Merging macroeconomic and territorial determinants of regional growth: the MASST4 model 0 0 4 24 1 3 15 64
Modeling Regional Growth between Competitiveness and Austerity Measures 0 0 2 15 2 4 7 51
Modelling European Regional Scenarios: Aggressive versus Defensive Competitive Strategies 0 0 1 69 3 3 5 194
Modelling Regional Growth: An Advanced MASST Model 0 0 1 61 2 4 9 242
Moving ahead for other three years 0 0 0 2 1 1 3 19
New Directions in Economic Geography – Edited by Bernard Fingleton 0 0 0 91 0 0 0 185
One or infinite optimal city sizes? In search of an equilibrium size for cities 0 0 6 69 4 5 15 308
Openness to Globalization and Regional Growth Patterns in CEE Countries: From the EU Accession to the Economic Crisis 0 0 0 6 0 1 3 30
Past Achievements and Future Challenges in Regional Science 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 8
Persistence in regional learning paradigms and trajectories: consequences for innovation policy design 0 0 0 3 1 1 4 16
Proximities and the Intensity of Scientific Relations 0 1 1 14 0 1 3 43
Rationale and design of EU cohesion policies in a period of crisis 0 0 0 21 2 2 6 61
Recent Theoretical Paradigms in Urban Growth 0 0 1 17 3 4 9 62
Regional Competitiveness and Territorial Capital: A Conceptual Approach and Empirical Evidence from the European Union 3 4 20 154 12 24 75 420
Regional Development Theories and Formalised Economic Approaches: An Evolving Relationship 0 0 6 38 1 3 26 113
Regional Economics in its Fifties: Recent Theoretical Directions and Future Challenges 0 0 1 26 1 2 6 87
Regional Growth and Local Development Theories: Conceptual Evolution over Fifty Years of Regional Science 0 1 4 133 1 4 14 313
Regional Innovation Patterns and the EU Regional Policy Reform: Toward Smart Innovation Policies 0 0 2 50 5 7 18 209
Regional Variations in Production Network Externalities 0 1 1 64 1 2 3 374
Regional economics in its 1950s: recent theoretical directions and future challenges 0 0 0 121 0 1 3 326
Regional economics: theoretical achievements and challenges 1 1 6 66 3 4 13 185
Regional growth and disparities in a post‐COVID Europe: A new normality scenario 0 0 2 4 2 6 12 26
Regional innovation evolution and economic performance 0 0 2 8 0 2 6 27
Regional innovation patterns from an evolutionary perspective 0 0 0 9 0 1 3 35
Regional reindustrialization patterns and productivity growth in Europe 1 1 6 19 1 2 13 43
Reinforcing the tradition and picking up new challenges 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 14
Relevance and utility of European Union research, technological development and innovation policies for a smart growth 0 0 0 13 0 0 1 37
Rendita fondiaria e dinamica urbana: le determinanti dello sviluppo urbano nel caso italiano 0 0 0 29 0 1 3 148
SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY IN KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS: CONCEPTUAL REFLECTIONS AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE 0 0 1 36 5 5 7 124
Scenarios for the Italian telecommunications market: Public and private strategies 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 25
Scienze Regionali - Italian Journal of Regional Science. Quali proposte per il futuro? 0 0 1 6 0 2 3 71
Scienze Regionali e bibliometria: riflessioni e apertura a un dibattito 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 18
Second-Rank City Dynamics: Theoretical Interpretations Behind Their Growth Potentials 0 0 1 13 0 0 3 74
Spatial Spillovers and Regional Growth: A Cognitive Approach 2 4 12 62 5 10 28 117
Spatial Transfer of Knowledge in High Technology Milieux: Learning Versus Collective Learning Processes 0 2 3 157 2 6 12 596
Spatial Transfer of Knowledge in High Technology Milieux: Learning versus Collective Learning Processes (Volume 33, Number 4, 1999) 0 0 1 16 0 0 1 43
Spatial and Sectoral Characteristics of Relational Capital in Innovation Activity 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 40
Spatial heterogeneity in the costs of the economic crisis in Europe: are cities sources of regional resilience? 1 2 3 39 1 5 9 107
Static vs. dynamic agglomeration economies. Spatial context and structural evolution behind urban growth 0 0 2 66 0 1 11 256
Structural dynamics of regional innovation patterns in Europe: the role of inventors’ mobility 0 0 5 14 1 2 9 33
TERRITORIAL CAPITAL AND REGIONAL GROWTH: INCREASING RETURNS IN KNOWLEDGE USE 0 0 0 13 0 2 5 72
TOWARDS NEW INDUSTRIAL AND SPATIAL SYSTEMS: THE ROLE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 0 0 0 3 1 4 5 10
Technological interdependence and regional growth in Europe: Proximity and synergy in knowledge spillovers 0 0 0 71 2 2 3 160
Telecommunications technologies and regional development: theoretical considerations and empirical evidence 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 560
Territorial Analyses and Territorial Policy Assesment in the Fields of Knowledge and Accessibility: Introductory Remarks to the Special Issue 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 9
Territorial Impact of European Telecommunications Policies 0 0 0 2 0 2 3 9
Territorial Patterns of Innovation and Economic Growth in European Regions 0 0 1 22 1 2 5 69
Territorial patterns of innovation: a taxonomy of innovative regions in Europe 0 0 7 66 4 6 23 273
The City Network Paradigm: Measuring Urban Network Externalities 0 1 7 59 4 8 18 197
The Knowledge–Innovation Nexus. Its Spatially Differentiated Returns to Innovation 0 0 0 7 0 1 3 39
The Nexus between the Digital Service Economy and Intraregional Wage Inequalities 0 0 0 1 1 1 13 14
The Rise of Second-Rank Cities: What Role for Agglomeration Economies? 0 0 5 45 0 0 10 137
The costs of the economic crisis: which scenario for the European regions? 0 0 0 14 0 1 1 35
The dynamics of regional learning paradigms and trajectories 0 0 0 10 0 0 1 51
The modern Solow paradox. In search for explanations 0 4 7 20 7 16 38 84
The nexus between inventors’ mobility and regional growth across European regions 0 0 2 6 1 2 5 77
The regional costs of market size losses in a EU dismembering process 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 21
The rise of the digital service economy in European regions 0 0 0 3 0 3 7 13
Thirty Years of Regional Science in Italy: An Introduction 0 0 0 32 0 0 3 65
Towards a New Conceptualization of Innovation in Space: Territorial Patterns of Innovation 0 0 0 9 0 0 2 19
Towards a new interpretation of regional evolution: convergence between quantitative and qualitative approaches 0 0 2 33 2 2 7 58
Towards sustainable city policy: an economy-environment technology nexus 1 1 2 296 2 4 9 800
Two goals to reinforce our journal: Efficiency and modernization 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 20
Una o infinite dimensioni urbane ottime? Alla ricerca di una dimensione di equilibrio 0 0 1 8 3 6 7 59
Una valutazione dei benefici collettivi di un grande progetto urbano attraverso un indicatore sintetico: la rendita urbana 0 0 0 13 0 1 1 44
Una valutazione della rilevanza e utilit? delle politiche di Ricerca e sviluppo tecnologico dell?Unione Europea 0 0 0 4 0 1 4 38
Una valutazione ex-ante delle politiche europee nelle telecomunicazioni: il trade-off tra efficienza e coesione 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8
Understanding citizen perception of European Union Cohesion Policy: the role of the local context 0 0 2 8 0 2 5 28
Urban Growth: Is It a Never Ending Story? 0 0 0 13 0 0 1 56
Urban crisis vs. urban success in the era of 4.0 technologies: Baumol's model revisited 0 0 2 4 3 4 10 18
Urban rent and urban dynamics: The determinants of urban development in Italy 0 0 0 170 0 0 1 690
Valutazione ex-ante delle politiche europee di ICTS: il trade-off tra efficienza e coesione 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 48
What makes Southern Italy still lagging behind? A diachronic perspective of theories and approaches 2 2 3 33 2 2 7 78
Total Journal Articles 20 45 208 4,365 152 305 866 15,143


Book File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
Globalization and Regional Growth in Europe 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 20
Modelling Regional Scenarios for the Enlarged Europe 0 0 0 1 0 3 7 74
Sustainable Cities and Energy Policies 0 0 0 0 4 5 12 29
Total Books 0 0 0 1 4 9 22 123


Chapter File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
A Comparative Empirical Analysis of Urban Energy Policies: a Meta-Analytic Approach 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 5
Access to Telecommunication Networks: Regional Variations in Consumption Network Externalities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
An ex ante Evaluation of an Urban Project through Property Value Increases: A Hedonic Price Approach 0 0 9 66 1 1 10 104
Beyond Optimal City Size: Theory and Evidence Reconsidered 0 0 0 5 0 0 2 8
Building Local After-crisis Scenarios in a Global Perspective 0 0 0 4 1 1 2 16
Concept of a Sustainable City 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4
Do Southern European Regions Really Lag Behind in Their Innovation Trends? 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 7
Driving Forces of Change: The Baseline Scenario 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
European Regional Performance in a Globalized World 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 5
From Forecasts to Quantitative Foresights: Territorial Scenarios for an Enlarged Europe 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 5
Global Challenges and European Strategies: Alternative Scenarios 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3
Global Regions in Europe 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Globalization and Economic Crisis: How Will the Future of European Regions Look? 0 0 0 6 1 1 3 20
Globalization and Endogenous Regional Growth 0 0 0 0 2 3 4 12
Globalization and European Strategies: Alternative Scenarios 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Globalization and the Reshaping of Regional Economies: Favored Territories 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indivisibilities and Irreversibilities in Urban Renewable Energy Strategies: a Comparative Empirical Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Indivisibilities and Irreversibilities of Renewable Energy Adoption Processes: National Competition vs. Local Monopolistic Markets 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4
Innovation and Performance of SMEs in Italy: the Relevance of Spatial Aspects 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 9
Innovation and Productivity: Local Competitiveness and the Role of Space 0 0 0 29 0 0 1 59
Institutional Regimes for Sustainable Urban Development 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6
Integrated Scenarios for European Regions 0 0 0 3 1 1 2 15
Interregional Knowledge Spillovers and Economic Growth: The Role of Relational Proximity 0 0 0 0 1 3 4 11
Irreversibilities and Indivisibilities of Renewable Energy Adoption Processes in a Monopolistic Market 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 6
Key Issues in the Adoption of Renewable Energy Technologies 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5
Knowledge-Based Economy and Knowledge Creation: The Role of Space 0 0 0 0 1 1 8 16
Local Patterns of Growth in a Global Perspective: A Territorial Scenario of an Enlarged Europe 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 13
Macroeconomic and Territorial Policies for Regional Competitiveness: Theory and Empirical Evidence from the EU 0 0 0 13 1 2 5 55
Methodological Framework for Urban Energy Policy Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Milieux Innovateurs and Collective Learning: From Concepts to Measurement 0 0 0 1 2 3 8 26
Network Externalities: Towards a Taxonomy of the Concept and a Theory of Their Effects on the Performance of Firms and Regions 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 7
Policy Recommendations and Guidelines for Renewable Energy Technologies in Cities 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2
Proximity and regional innovation processes: is there space for new reflections? 0 0 0 31 0 0 4 107
Quantitative Foresights at Sub-regional Level: The Model and Estimation Results 0 0 0 21 0 1 2 46
Quantitative Foresights for European Regions 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 22
Regional Attractiveness and Its Determinants 0 0 0 2 1 1 5 45
Regional Growth and Development Theories Revisited 1 4 5 113 2 6 16 655
Scenario Methodology: A New MASST Model 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Scenarios for European Metropolitan Regions: Winners and Losers in a Globalized World 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 5
Science Parks and Local Knowledge Creation: A Conceptual Approach and an Empirical Analysis in Two Italian Realities 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 11
Space and Empirical Approaches to Regional Growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2
Space and Theoretical Approaches to Regional Growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4
Spatial Effects of Economic Integration: A Conceptualisation from Regional Growth and Location Theories 0 0 0 23 0 3 4 56
Spatial Patterns of Globalization Trends 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 28
Spatial inequalities in an era of modern reindustrialization 1 1 1 4 2 2 4 9
Success Factors and Barriers of Urban Energy Policies: Interdependencies among Different Critical Factors 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
Success Factors and Barriers of Urban Energy Policies: a Qualitative Analysis 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 2
Telecommunications Network Externalities and Regional Development: Empirical Evidence 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 4
Telecommunications and Regional Disparities in an Era of Globalization: From Conceptual Issues to Measurable Policy Impacts 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 9
Territorial Images of the Future: The Quantitative Foresights Results 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 3
The City Network Paradigm: Theory and Empirical Evidence 0 1 2 3 2 4 7 10
The EU in the Global Economy 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 5
The Estimation Procedure: Data and Results 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3
The European Territory in 2020: Winners and Losers in a Globalized World 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 6
The MASST Model: A Generative Forecasting Model of Regional Growth 0 0 0 4 0 2 3 23
The Regional Dimension of Globalization: Past Trends and Future Scenarios 0 0 0 0 1 4 7 19
The Service Sector in the New Globalization Phase: Evidence from European Regions 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 6
The Theoretical and Methodological Toolbox of Urban Economics: From and Towards Where? 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
The knowledge economy in European regions: a strategic goal for competitiveness 0 1 1 4 0 1 2 21
The role of collective learning in ICT adoption and use 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
Towards a Conclusion: Policy Implications 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Urban Economics at a Cross-Road 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 5
Urban Innovation and Collective Learning: Theory and Evidence from Five Metropolitan Cities in Europe 0 0 0 0 2 6 9 10
Total Chapters 2 7 18 341 32 72 173 1,550


Statistics updated 2025-12-06