Access Statistics for Michael Kremer

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Working Paper File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
A Biological Model of Unions 0 0 0 97 3 3 8 446
A Year of Desirable Difficulties: The Impact of Interleaving Math Practice in Nigeria 0 0 0 5 0 1 9 29
Advance Market Commitments for Vaccines Against Neglected Diseases: Estimating Costs and Effectiveness 0 0 0 13 6 8 19 108
Advance Market Commitments: Insights from Theory and Experience 0 0 0 30 0 2 12 126
Advanced Purchase Commitments for a Malaria Vaccine: Estimating Costs and Effectiveness 0 0 0 56 2 2 11 325
Blue Spoons: Sparking Communication About Appropriate Technology Use 0 0 1 8 2 5 24 64
Borrowing Requirements, Credit Access, and Adverse Selection: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 2 27 4 10 25 157
Borrowing Requirements, Credit Access, and Adverse Selection: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 30 2 2 5 73
Breaking Gender Barriers 0 0 0 8 3 5 9 44
Can Having Fewer Partners Increase Prevalence of Aids? 0 0 0 107 3 4 6 986
Converging to Convergence 2 4 9 113 4 18 48 211
Cost-Effective Prevention of Diarrheal Diseases: A Critical Review 0 0 0 99 7 14 27 487
Could Vaccine Dose Stretching Reduce COVID-19 Deaths? 0 0 0 10 4 5 13 52
Creating Markets for New Vaccines Part I: Rationale 0 0 0 223 0 12 25 866
Creating Markets for New Vaccines Part II: Design Issues 0 0 0 147 2 3 10 629
Decentralization: A cautionary tale 0 0 1 52 10 12 26 254
Designing Advance Market Commitments for New Vaccines 1 1 4 37 4 6 38 134
Designing Advance Market Commitments for New Vaccines 0 0 0 6 4 7 13 41
Digital Information Provision and Behavior Change: Lessons from Six Experiments in East Africa 1 1 2 18 5 8 45 74
Disorganization 0 0 1 476 0 3 14 1,217
Disorganization 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 1,169
Does Favorable Tax-Treatment of Housing Reduce Equipment Investment? 0 0 0 43 3 5 10 288
Does Mass Deworming Affect Child Nutrition? Meta-analysis, Cost-Effectiveness, and Statistical Power 0 0 0 56 0 1 7 102
Economic Transformation, Population Growth and the Long-Run World Income Distribution 0 0 0 218 3 8 20 991
Education and HIV/AIDS prevention: evidence from a randomized evaluation in Western Kenya 0 1 1 508 4 7 43 1,633
Education and hiv/aids prevention: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in western kenya 0 0 1 52 3 9 20 197
Education as Liberation? 0 0 1 135 3 5 17 979
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 1 186 4 4 38 385
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 75 3 12 27 211
Elephants 0 0 0 0 1 5 17 1,139
Elephants 0 0 0 169 3 3 10 1,349
Empathy or antipathy? The impact of diversity 0 0 0 23 3 4 18 209
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 1 1 3 11 2 8 33 98
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 0 0 1 7 1 3 13 111
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam’s Global Gathering 0 0 0 83 3 7 19 360
Expanding Capacity for Vaccines Against Covid-19 and Future Pandemics: A Review of Economic Issues 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 39
Experimentation, Innovation, and Economics 0 1 6 431 1 3 11 639
Globalization and International Public Finance 0 0 0 334 4 5 15 1,309
Good Policy or Good Luck? Country Growth Performance and Temporary Shocks 0 1 3 1,612 8 9 24 4,048
Guns, Latrines, and Land Reform: Private Expectations and Public Policy 0 0 0 24 4 7 13 76
How Much Does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 0 0 204 3 5 16 1,370
How Much Does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 0 0 0 5 8 14 876
Incentives in Markets, Firms and Governments 0 0 0 333 1 4 13 1,338
Incentives to Learn 0 0 1 180 9 10 17 869
Incentives to Learn 0 0 0 3 5 8 23 56
Incentives to learn 0 0 0 19 6 9 11 199
Incentives to learn 0 0 1 164 11 28 72 623
Income-distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 290 4 4 9 1,048
Integrating Behavioral Choice into Epidemiological Models of the AIDS Epidemic 0 0 1 222 3 3 17 822
Intergenerational Child Mortality Impacts of Deworming: Experimental Evidence from Two Decades of the Kenya Life Panel Survey 0 0 0 31 3 11 15 47
Learning to Work Towards Goals: A Sequential Evaluation of the Effect of a Goal-Setting Course on Academic and Soft Skills 0 1 5 5 1 2 9 9
Lessons from Randomized Evaluations in Education and Health 0 0 0 3 2 2 14 38
Long-Term Consequences of Secondary School Vouchers: Evidence from Administrative Records in Colombia 0 0 2 212 0 3 20 963
Long-term consequences of secondary school vouchers: Evidence from administrative records in colombia 0 0 0 23 5 6 17 146
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 2 443 3 6 30 1,858
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 0 7 2 3 16 65
Meta-Analysis and Public Policy: Reconciling the Evidence on Deworming 0 0 0 75 0 0 13 125
Mosquitoes: The Long-TermEffects of Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 59 1 1 5 269
Mosquitoes: The Long-term Effects of Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 201 3 5 17 2,035
Networks, social learning, and technology adoption: The case of deworming drugs in kenya 0 1 6 69 1 8 28 320
Nudging Farmers to Use Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 2 5 189 6 14 42 624
Nudging Farmers to Utilize Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 3 87 5 8 21 306
Nudging Parents out the Door: The Impacts of Parental Encouragement on School Choice and Test Scores 15 15 15 15 10 10 10 10
Odious Debt 0 0 0 184 4 6 18 986
Optimal Subsidies for Prevention of Infectious Disease 0 0 0 5 3 5 11 39
Optimal Vaccine Subsidies for Endemic and Epidemic Diseases 0 0 0 17 1 3 10 41
Optimal Vaccine Subsidies for Endemic and Epidemic Diseases 0 0 0 19 1 5 17 76
Outside Funding of Community Organizations: Benefiting or Displacing the Poor? 0 0 0 95 2 5 12 460
Patent Buy-Outs: A Mechanism for Encouraging Innovation 0 0 1 321 0 1 9 1,687
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use Among College Students 0 0 0 13 5 6 20 83
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use Among College Students 0 0 0 563 3 6 16 4,346
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 1 3 8 102 5 20 60 546
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 0 3 5 275 7 15 40 1,102
Peer effects and alcohol use among college students 0 0 1 28 7 18 36 226
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 26 5 6 11 89
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 11 0 1 9 89
Preventives Versus Treatments 0 0 0 32 3 7 16 161
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global D 0 0 1 15 2 5 13 61
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global Demand for HIV Pharmaceuticals 0 0 0 45 0 1 9 99
Protecting Antiquities: A Role for Long-Term Leases? 0 0 0 32 0 4 13 68
Retrospective vs. Prospective Analyses of School Inputs: The Case of Flip Charts in Kenya 0 0 0 250 2 2 11 1,410
Retrospective vs. prospective analyses of school inputs: The case of flip charts in kenya 0 0 2 43 0 4 17 211
School Governance, Teacher Incentives, and Pupil-Teacher Ratios: Experimental Evidence from Kenyan Primary Schools 0 0 1 169 8 11 26 596
School Vouchers, Labor Markets and Vocational Education 1 2 6 67 5 12 39 258
School Vouchers, Labor Markets and Vocational Education 5 10 22 344 9 17 41 702
Schools meals, educational achievement and school competition: evidence from a randomized evaluation 2 4 6 375 5 17 39 1,051
Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries 0 0 4 178 4 11 29 459
Searching for Prosperity 0 0 0 181 1 1 11 812
Should the WHO withdraw support for mass deworming? 0 0 0 1 4 10 16 27
Spring Cleaning: Rural Water Impacts, Valuation and Property Rights Institutions 0 0 3 76 4 6 27 461
Teacher Incentives 0 0 0 438 6 10 27 3,002
Teacher incentives 0 0 0 39 1 7 23 253
Testing Fractional doses of COVID-19 Vaccines 0 0 0 7 3 4 16 56
Textbooks and test scores: Evidence from a prospective evaluation in kenya 0 2 11 174 12 24 62 640
The Case for Mass Treatment of Intestinal Helminths in Endemic Areas 0 0 0 0 3 3 6 12
The Endowment Effect and Collateralized Loans 0 0 0 12 1 3 13 49
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 0 1 5 6 17 112
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 1 144 3 4 16 648
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 0 65 3 5 23 418
The Impact of Free Secondary Education: Experimental Evidence from Ghana 0 1 9 126 7 25 77 401
The illusion of sustainability 0 0 0 14 1 2 10 251
The rockefeller effect 0 0 0 23 1 5 12 252
Twenty Year Economic Impacts of Deworming 0 1 2 22 2 12 27 111
Twenty-year economic impacts of deworming 0 0 0 37 5 8 15 50
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 0 3 1 2 7 20
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 1 1 1 59 5 6 10 180
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 0 44 2 3 15 115
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 3 5 24 922 8 20 72 1,952
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 0 3 10 825 3 11 40 1,639
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 1 3 9 112 4 24 56 279
Vaccines vs. Preventives 0 0 0 10 5 11 18 78
Vouchers for Private Schooling in Colombia: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment 1 1 1 392 9 12 23 1,867
Vouchers for private schooling in colombia: Evidence from a randomized natural experiment 1 1 2 75 3 6 18 350
Wage Inequality and Segregation 0 0 0 1 1 1 9 1,040
Wage Inequality and Segregation by Skill 0 0 0 0 8 10 25 1,696
Wage Inequality and Segregation by Skill 0 0 0 811 9 10 21 2,530
Water Treatment And Child Mortality: A Meta-Analysis And Cost-effectiveness Analysis 0 0 0 109 2 3 11 44
Water Treatment and Child Mortality: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 17 4 9 28 85
Water and Human Well Being: An Executive Session on Grand Challenges of the Sustainability Transition 0 0 0 6 3 3 10 53
What Works in Fighting Diarrheal Diseases in Developing Countries? A Critical Review 0 0 0 6 4 4 11 76
What Works in Fighting Diarrheal Diseases in Developing Countries? A Critical Review 0 0 1 90 1 2 11 434
When Is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? The Impact of Time-Varying Consumer Heterogeneity 0 0 0 21 2 9 19 118
When Is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? The Impact of Time-Varying Consumer Heterogeneity 0 0 0 1 3 4 8 38
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 39 6 6 11 58
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 61 3 4 10 185
When is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? 0 0 0 0 1 3 15 19
When is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? 0 0 0 6 1 4 10 68
Why Are Drugs More Profitable Than Vaccines? 0 0 0 129 5 14 37 514
Why are Worker Cooperatives So Rare? 0 1 2 396 12 23 58 1,827
Why is There No AIDS Vaccine? 0 0 0 8 2 3 14 87
Worms at Work: Long-run Impacts of a Child Health Investment 0 0 0 65 1 6 20 219
Worms at work: Long-run impacts of a child health investment 0 0 0 4 2 6 16 41
Worms at work: Long-run impacts of a child health investment 0 1 2 85 4 7 22 91
Worms: Education and Health Externalities in Kenya 0 1 2 280 9 19 35 1,563
Worms: Education and health externalities in kenya 0 0 1 14 5 15 30 163
Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities, Data User's Guide 0 0 1 4 1 4 6 44
Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory and Disturbing Conclusions if Consumer Values Follow the World Income 0 0 0 6 2 4 10 50
Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory with an Application Assuming Consumer Values Follow the World Income Distribution 0 0 0 21 6 7 12 61
Young Workers, Old Workers, and Convergence 0 0 0 92 0 3 10 462
Total Working Papers 36 72 217 17,656 487 995 2,859 76,118


Journal Article File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
"Measuring Poverty": Discussion 0 0 0 29 2 4 7 130
A Biological Model of Unions 0 0 1 26 2 3 14 220
A teoria "anel em O" de desenvolvimento econômico 0 0 0 3 1 3 7 30
Advance Market Commitments: A Policy to Stimulate Investment in Vaccines for Neglected Diseases 0 1 2 144 2 5 15 482
Advance Market Commitments: Insights from Theory and Experience 0 1 2 25 1 8 20 113
Are Educational Vouchers Only Redistributive? 0 0 0 33 2 6 15 196
Behavioral Biases and Firm Behavior: Evidence from Kenyan Retail Shops 0 0 1 28 2 2 8 205
Creating Markets for Vaccines (Innovations Case Discussion: International AIDS Vaccine Initiative) 0 0 0 9 2 2 6 68
Deworming and Development: Asking the Right Questions, Asking the Questions Right 0 0 0 1 1 2 9 20
Disorganization 0 1 6 42 0 4 32 1,220
Does favorable tax-treatment of housing reduce non-housing investment? 0 0 0 15 4 7 10 72
Early-Life Malaria Exposure and Adult Outcomes: Evidence from Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 43 6 11 21 289
Economic and political effects on currency clustering dynamics 0 0 1 3 1 2 7 19
Economic transformation, population growth and the long-run world income distribution 0 0 1 96 4 9 21 591
Education as Liberation? 0 1 3 41 2 5 20 237
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 2 3 112 5 9 31 480
Elephants 0 0 2 75 2 2 16 432
Elephants: Reply 0 0 0 16 1 1 5 121
Empathy or Antipathy? The Impact of Diversity 0 0 1 27 3 6 19 301
Encouraging Private Sector Research for Tropical Agriculture 0 0 1 34 1 1 13 146
Estimating the Impact of The Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 1 1 3 62 6 6 22 434
Experimentation, Innovation, and Economics 1 1 7 191 4 5 31 527
Good policy or good luck?: Country growth performance and temporary shocks 0 0 2 1,047 7 17 43 3,074
Guns, Latrines, and Land Reform: Dynamic Pigouvian Taxation 0 0 0 18 1 2 9 193
How High Are Rates of Return to Fertilizer? Evidence from Field Experiments in Kenya 1 3 4 268 2 10 63 837
How Much does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 1 4 32 1 6 30 875
Improving Education in the Developing World: What Have We Learned from Randomized Evaluations? 0 0 0 87 5 6 16 284
Incentives to Learn 2 3 19 316 16 24 99 1,208
Incentivizing Innovation: Adding to the Tool Kit 0 0 0 14 4 7 18 120
Income Distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 103 1 3 11 486
Income-Distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 81 0 2 11 307
Integrating Behavioral Choice into Epidemiological Models of AIDS 0 0 1 155 0 1 11 445
Long-Term Educational Consequences of Secondary School Vouchers: Evidence from Administrative Records in Colombia 0 0 2 359 2 6 36 1,178
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 2 248 2 4 26 935
Missing in Action: Teacher and Health Worker Absence in Developing Countries 0 0 1 346 1 8 49 1,982
Motivation matters: merit scholarships and student achievement 0 0 0 52 3 4 6 161
Nudging Farmers to Use Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 1 5 13 474 12 27 63 1,665
Odious Debt 0 0 0 156 2 3 11 703
Outside Funding and the Dynamics of Participation in Community Associations 0 0 2 11 0 0 11 40
Paper by Carroll and Weil: A comment 0 0 0 35 0 0 4 128
Patent Buyouts: A Mechanism for Encouraging Innovation 0 1 13 330 7 14 70 1,532
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use among College Students 0 0 0 46 1 6 21 734
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 1 3 6 337 10 20 48 1,456
Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World 0 0 1 813 2 3 18 2,008
Population Growth and Technological Change: One Million B.C. to 1990 2 4 21 2,920 11 30 111 9,380
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 18 4 7 17 69
Preventives Versus Treatments 0 0 0 42 5 10 20 291
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global Demand for HIV Pharmaceuticals 0 0 0 8 5 9 17 71
Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations 0 0 0 40 4 6 11 201
Randomized Evaluations of Educational Programs in Developing Countries: Some Lessons 2 2 3 613 3 4 15 1,361
Research on Schooling: What We Know and What We Don't: A Comment 0 0 0 2 1 3 7 458
Retrospective vs. prospective analyses of school inputs: the case of flip charts in Kenya 0 0 8 334 3 8 49 1,182
School governance, teacher incentives, and pupil–teacher ratios: Experimental evidence from Kenyan primary schools 1 5 15 94 10 22 71 504
Searching for prosperity 0 0 0 107 2 13 27 505
Self-Control and the Development of Work Arrangements 0 0 0 114 2 2 17 387
Self-Control at Work 3 4 13 191 8 17 56 698
Should the WHO withdraw support for mass deworming? 0 0 0 0 3 4 6 9
Spring Cleaning: Rural Water Impacts, Valuation, and Property Rights Institutions 0 0 1 86 0 2 19 496
Teacher Absence in India: A Snapshot 2 7 18 442 4 12 50 3,113
Teacher Incentives 0 0 1 144 1 3 17 640
The Case for Mass Treatment of Intestinal Helminths in Endemic Areas 0 0 0 0 5 6 16 21
The Economics of International Refugee Law 0 1 1 35 5 7 12 172
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 4 261 3 11 49 1,252
The New Role for the World Bank 0 0 1 40 3 4 15 195
The O-Ring Theory of Economic Development 2 10 28 3,169 13 64 185 11,897
Using Randomized Controlled Trials to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 1 13 0 5 15 53
Vouchers for Private Schooling in Colombia: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment 0 0 1 449 3 4 25 1,711
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 17 5 6 14 119
Why Isn't Convergence Instantaneous? Young Workers, Old Workers, and Gradual Adjustment 0 1 1 76 2 5 8 314
Worms at Work: Long-run Impacts of a Child Health Investment 0 0 1 132 5 13 37 587
Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities 1 9 23 1,685 19 51 168 5,860
Total Journal Articles 20 67 245 17,415 262 604 2,077 68,230
2 registered items for which data could not be found


Book File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
Regional Public Goods: From Theory to Practice 0 0 0 54 2 5 19 200
Total Books 0 0 0 54 2 5 19 200


Chapter File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
Contract Farming and Agricultural Productivity in Western Kenya 0 0 2 54 3 3 12 167
Converging to Convergence 0 0 0 36 5 15 43 355
Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part I: Rationale 0 0 0 39 1 1 11 193
Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part II: Design Issues 0 0 0 34 0 5 13 184
Improving Health in Developing Countries 2 2 10 545 5 7 39 1,171
Incentivizing Innovation: Adding to the Tool Kit 0 0 0 84 1 4 14 278
Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries 0 0 6 1,368 2 8 78 4,764
Success in Entrepreneurship: Doing the Math 0 0 0 13 2 2 3 89
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 8 19 67 3,713 30 96 286 8,997
Total Chapters 10 21 85 5,886 49 141 499 16,198


Statistics updated 2026-05-06