Access Statistics for Michael Kremer

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Working Paper File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
A Biological Model of Unions 0 0 0 97 0 3 8 446
A Year of Desirable Difficulties: The Impact of Interleaving Math Practice in Nigeria 0 0 0 5 0 0 9 29
Advance Market Commitments for Vaccines Against Neglected Diseases: Estimating Costs and Effectiveness 0 0 0 13 1 8 20 109
Advance Market Commitments: Insights from Theory and Experience 0 0 0 30 0 0 11 126
Advanced Purchase Commitments for a Malaria Vaccine: Estimating Costs and Effectiveness 0 0 0 56 0 2 11 325
Blue Spoons: Sparking Communication About Appropriate Technology Use 0 0 0 8 0 4 23 64
Borrowing Requirements, Credit Access, and Adverse Selection: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 2 27 0 7 24 157
Borrowing Requirements, Credit Access, and Adverse Selection: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 30 0 2 5 73
Breaking Gender Barriers 0 0 0 8 0 3 9 44
Can Having Fewer Partners Increase Prevalence of Aids? 0 0 0 107 0 3 6 986
Converging to Convergence 1 4 10 114 5 14 53 216
Cost-Effective Prevention of Diarrheal Diseases: A Critical Review 0 0 0 99 1 12 28 488
Could Vaccine Dose Stretching Reduce COVID-19 Deaths? 0 0 0 10 1 5 14 53
Creating Markets for New Vaccines Part I: Rationale 0 0 0 223 2 5 27 868
Creating Markets for New Vaccines Part II: Design Issues 0 0 0 147 0 3 10 629
Decentralization: A cautionary tale 1 1 2 53 2 13 27 256
Designing Advance Market Commitments for New Vaccines 0 1 4 37 0 6 37 134
Designing Advance Market Commitments for New Vaccines 0 0 0 6 0 6 13 41
Digital Information Provision and Behavior Change: Lessons from Six Experiments in East Africa 0 1 2 18 1 6 46 75
Disorganization 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 1,169
Disorganization 0 0 1 476 0 1 14 1,217
Does Favorable Tax-Treatment of Housing Reduce Equipment Investment? 0 0 0 43 0 3 10 288
Does Mass Deworming Affect Child Nutrition? Meta-analysis, Cost-Effectiveness, and Statistical Power 0 0 0 56 0 0 7 102
Economic Transformation, Population Growth and the Long-Run World Income Distribution 0 0 0 218 3 7 23 994
Education and HIV/AIDS prevention: evidence from a randomized evaluation in Western Kenya 0 0 1 508 1 6 40 1,634
Education and hiv/aids prevention: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in western kenya 0 0 1 52 1 6 21 198
Education as Liberation? 0 0 1 135 1 6 18 980
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 1 186 0 4 37 385
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 75 0 3 27 211
Elephants 0 0 0 169 0 3 10 1,349
Elephants 0 0 0 0 0 1 17 1,139
Empathy or antipathy? The impact of diversity 0 0 0 23 1 4 19 210
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 0 0 0 7 0 2 12 111
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 0 1 2 11 2 8 33 100
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam’s Global Gathering 0 0 0 83 0 3 19 360
Expanding Capacity for Vaccines Against Covid-19 and Future Pandemics: A Review of Economic Issues 0 0 0 10 0 0 9 39
Experimentation, Innovation, and Economics 0 0 6 431 0 2 11 639
Globalization and International Public Finance 0 0 0 334 0 5 14 1,309
Good Policy or Good Luck? Country Growth Performance and Temporary Shocks 0 0 2 1,612 1 9 22 4,049
Guns, Latrines, and Land Reform: Private Expectations and Public Policy 0 0 0 24 1 6 14 77
How Much Does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 0 0 204 1 4 17 1,371
How Much Does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 0 0 0 0 6 14 876
Incentives in Markets, Firms and Governments 0 0 0 333 0 1 12 1,338
Incentives to Learn 0 0 0 3 2 9 23 58
Incentives to Learn 0 0 1 180 0 10 16 869
Incentives to learn 0 0 1 164 1 19 73 624
Incentives to learn 0 0 0 19 1 8 12 200
Income-distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 290 2 6 11 1,050
Integrating Behavioral Choice into Epidemiological Models of the AIDS Epidemic 0 0 1 222 0 3 17 822
Intergenerational Child Mortality Impacts of Deworming: Experimental Evidence from Two Decades of the Kenya Life Panel Survey 0 0 0 31 0 9 15 47
Learning to Work Towards Goals: A Sequential Evaluation of the Effect of a Goal-Setting Course on Academic and Soft Skills 0 0 5 5 1 3 10 10
Lessons from Randomized Evaluations in Education and Health 0 0 0 3 1 3 15 39
Long-Term Consequences of Secondary School Vouchers: Evidence from Administrative Records in Colombia 0 0 0 212 3 5 18 966
Long-term consequences of secondary school vouchers: Evidence from administrative records in colombia 0 0 0 23 1 7 17 147
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 2 443 1 4 31 1,859
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 0 7 1 3 17 66
Meta-Analysis and Public Policy: Reconciling the Evidence on Deworming 0 0 0 75 0 0 13 125
Mosquitoes: The Long-TermEffects of Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 59 1 2 6 270
Mosquitoes: The Long-term Effects of Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 201 0 5 16 2,035
Networks, social learning, and technology adoption: The case of deworming drugs in kenya 0 0 5 69 1 4 27 321
Nudging Farmers to Use Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 3 5 8 192 4 16 44 628
Nudging Farmers to Utilize Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 3 87 2 8 23 308
Nudging Parents out the Door: The Impacts of Parental Encouragement on School Choice and Test Scores 8 23 23 23 3 13 13 13
Odious Debt 0 0 0 184 0 4 18 986
Optimal Subsidies for Prevention of Infectious Disease 0 0 0 5 0 4 11 39
Optimal Vaccine Subsidies for Endemic and Epidemic Diseases 0 0 0 17 1 2 10 42
Optimal Vaccine Subsidies for Endemic and Epidemic Diseases 0 0 0 19 2 3 19 78
Outside Funding of Community Organizations: Benefiting or Displacing the Poor? 0 0 0 95 0 3 12 460
Patent Buy-Outs: A Mechanism for Encouraging Innovation 0 0 1 321 0 1 9 1,687
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use Among College Students 0 0 0 563 0 3 16 4,346
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use Among College Students 0 0 0 13 0 5 20 83
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 1 2 6 276 2 15 39 1,104
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 0 1 7 102 0 8 59 546
Peer effects and alcohol use among college students 0 0 1 28 2 13 38 228
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 26 1 7 11 90
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 11 1 2 10 90
Preventives Versus Treatments 0 0 0 32 0 4 16 161
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global D 0 0 1 15 1 4 14 62
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global Demand for HIV Pharmaceuticals 0 0 0 45 0 0 9 99
Protecting Antiquities: A Role for Long-Term Leases? 0 0 0 32 0 2 12 68
Retrospective vs. Prospective Analyses of School Inputs: The Case of Flip Charts in Kenya 0 0 0 250 1 3 12 1,411
Retrospective vs. prospective analyses of school inputs: The case of flip charts in kenya 0 0 2 43 0 1 17 211
School Governance, Teacher Incentives, and Pupil-Teacher Ratios: Experimental Evidence from Kenyan Primary Schools 0 0 0 169 0 8 25 596
School Vouchers, Labor Markets and Vocational Education 0 7 22 344 0 13 41 702
School Vouchers, Labor Markets and Vocational Education 0 2 6 67 1 8 39 259
Schools meals, educational achievement and school competition: evidence from a randomized evaluation 0 2 6 375 1 10 40 1,052
Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries 0 0 4 178 1 8 29 460
Searching for Prosperity 0 0 0 181 0 1 11 812
Should the WHO withdraw support for mass deworming? 0 0 0 1 0 5 16 27
Spring Cleaning: Rural Water Impacts, Valuation and Property Rights Institutions 0 0 3 76 0 5 26 461
Teacher Incentives 0 0 0 438 1 9 25 3,003
Teacher incentives 0 0 0 39 1 5 24 254
Testing Fractional doses of COVID-19 Vaccines 0 0 0 7 0 4 16 56
Textbooks and test scores: Evidence from a prospective evaluation in kenya 0 2 11 174 2 21 61 642
The Case for Mass Treatment of Intestinal Helminths in Endemic Areas 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 12
The Endowment Effect and Collateralized Loans 0 0 0 12 1 3 14 50
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 1 144 2 5 17 650
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 0 65 1 4 24 419
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 0 1 1 6 18 113
The Impact of Free Secondary Education: Experimental Evidence from Ghana 1 1 9 127 5 17 78 406
The illusion of sustainability 0 0 0 14 2 4 12 253
The rockefeller effect 0 0 0 23 1 2 13 253
Twenty Year Economic Impacts of Deworming 0 0 1 22 0 5 26 111
Twenty-year economic impacts of deworming 0 0 0 37 1 7 16 51
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 1 1 59 0 6 10 180
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 0 44 0 3 14 115
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 0 3 0 2 7 20
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 4 8 26 926 8 20 74 1,960
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 1 2 9 113 1 8 55 280
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 0 0 9 825 2 8 40 1,641
Vaccines vs. Preventives 0 0 0 10 0 8 18 78
Vouchers for Private Schooling in Colombia: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment 1 2 2 393 2 13 24 1,869
Vouchers for private schooling in colombia: Evidence from a randomized natural experiment 0 1 2 75 2 8 20 352
Wage Inequality and Segregation 0 0 0 1 0 1 9 1,040
Wage Inequality and Segregation by Skill 0 0 0 811 2 11 23 2,532
Wage Inequality and Segregation by Skill 0 0 0 0 2 12 26 1,698
Water Treatment And Child Mortality: A Meta-Analysis And Cost-effectiveness Analysis 0 0 0 109 2 4 13 46
Water Treatment and Child Mortality: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 17 5 14 30 90
Water and Human Well Being: An Executive Session on Grand Challenges of the Sustainability Transition 0 0 0 6 0 3 10 53
What Works in Fighting Diarrheal Diseases in Developing Countries? A Critical Review 0 0 0 6 1 5 11 77
What Works in Fighting Diarrheal Diseases in Developing Countries? A Critical Review 0 0 1 90 3 4 14 437
When Is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? The Impact of Time-Varying Consumer Heterogeneity 0 0 0 1 2 5 10 40
When Is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? The Impact of Time-Varying Consumer Heterogeneity 0 0 0 21 0 3 19 118
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 39 0 6 11 58
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 61 1 4 11 186
When is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? 0 0 0 6 0 3 10 68
When is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? 0 0 0 0 2 5 17 21
Why Are Drugs More Profitable Than Vaccines? 0 0 0 129 0 9 37 514
Why are Worker Cooperatives So Rare? 0 0 2 396 5 22 62 1,832
Why is There No AIDS Vaccine? 0 0 0 8 0 2 14 87
Worms at Work: Long-run Impacts of a Child Health Investment 0 0 0 65 1 3 21 220
Worms at work: Long-run impacts of a child health investment 0 0 0 4 1 4 17 42
Worms at work: Long-run impacts of a child health investment 0 0 2 85 1 5 23 92
Worms: Education and Health Externalities in Kenya 0 1 2 280 5 23 40 1,568
Worms: Education and health externalities in kenya 0 0 0 14 5 17 34 168
Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities, Data User's Guide 0 0 0 4 1 3 6 45
Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory and Disturbing Conclusions if Consumer Values Follow the World Income 0 0 0 6 0 2 10 50
Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory with an Application Assuming Consumer Values Follow the World Income Distribution 0 0 0 21 0 6 12 61
Young Workers, Old Workers, and Convergence 0 0 0 92 0 1 10 462
Total Working Papers 21 68 221 17,677 136 819 2,919 76,254


Journal Article File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
"Measuring Poverty": Discussion 0 0 0 29 0 4 7 130
A Biological Model of Unions 0 0 0 26 0 3 13 220
A teoria "anel em O" de desenvolvimento econômico 0 0 0 3 0 2 7 30
Advance Market Commitments: A Policy to Stimulate Investment in Vaccines for Neglected Diseases 0 0 2 144 0 4 15 482
Advance Market Commitments: Insights from Theory and Experience 0 1 1 25 0 4 19 113
Are Educational Vouchers Only Redistributive? 0 0 0 33 0 2 15 196
Behavioral Biases and Firm Behavior: Evidence from Kenyan Retail Shops 0 0 1 28 1 3 9 206
Creating Markets for Vaccines (Innovations Case Discussion: International AIDS Vaccine Initiative) 0 0 0 9 1 3 7 69
Deworming and Development: Asking the Right Questions, Asking the Questions Right 0 0 0 1 130 131 138 150
Disorganization 0 1 6 42 0 2 32 1,220
Does favorable tax-treatment of housing reduce non-housing investment? 0 0 0 15 1 7 11 73
Early-Life Malaria Exposure and Adult Outcomes: Evidence from Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 43 3 12 24 292
Economic and political effects on currency clustering dynamics 0 0 1 3 0 1 7 19
Economic transformation, population growth and the long-run world income distribution 0 0 1 96 1 7 22 592
Education as Liberation? 0 1 3 41 0 3 20 237
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 2 3 112 0 7 28 480
Elephants 1 1 3 76 3 5 19 435
Elephants: Reply 0 0 0 16 1 2 6 122
Empathy or Antipathy? The Impact of Diversity 0 0 1 27 1 5 20 302
Encouraging Private Sector Research for Tropical Agriculture 0 0 0 34 2 3 14 148
Estimating the Impact of The Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 0 1 3 62 2 8 23 436
Experimentation, Innovation, and Economics 2 3 7 193 4 9 32 531
Good policy or good luck?: Country growth performance and temporary shocks 0 0 2 1,047 2 12 42 3,076
Guns, Latrines, and Land Reform: Dynamic Pigouvian Taxation 0 0 0 18 1 2 10 194
How High Are Rates of Return to Fertilizer? Evidence from Field Experiments in Kenya 0 1 3 268 1 5 63 838
How Much does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 0 3 32 2 3 31 877
Improving Education in the Developing World: What Have We Learned from Randomized Evaluations? 0 0 0 87 1 7 15 285
Incentives to Learn 1 4 18 317 8 29 97 1,216
Incentivizing Innovation: Adding to the Tool Kit 0 0 0 14 1 5 19 121
Income Distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 103 2 3 13 488
Income-Distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 81 0 0 11 307
Integrating Behavioral Choice into Epidemiological Models of AIDS 1 1 2 156 1 1 12 446
Long-Term Educational Consequences of Secondary School Vouchers: Evidence from Administrative Records in Colombia 0 0 2 359 2 6 37 1,180
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 2 248 1 4 27 936
Missing in Action: Teacher and Health Worker Absence in Developing Countries 0 0 1 346 2 6 47 1,984
Motivation matters: merit scholarships and student achievement 0 0 0 52 0 3 6 161
Nudging Farmers to Use Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 2 6 14 476 3 23 64 1,668
Odious Debt 0 0 0 156 2 5 13 705
Outside Funding and the Dynamics of Participation in Community Associations 0 0 2 11 1 1 12 41
Paper by Carroll and Weil: A comment 0 0 0 35 0 0 4 128
Patent Buyouts: A Mechanism for Encouraging Innovation 0 1 8 330 3 16 64 1,535
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use among College Students 0 0 0 46 0 3 21 734
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 0 2 6 337 5 18 51 1,461
Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World 0 0 1 813 1 3 19 2,009
Population Growth and Technological Change: One Million B.C. to 1990 0 3 19 2,920 5 25 113 9,385
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 18 2 7 18 71
Preventives Versus Treatments 0 0 0 42 3 11 23 294
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global Demand for HIV Pharmaceuticals 0 0 0 8 1 7 18 72
Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations 0 0 0 40 2 7 12 203
Randomized Evaluations of Educational Programs in Developing Countries: Some Lessons 0 2 2 613 1 4 15 1,362
Research on Schooling: What We Know and What We Don't: A Comment 0 0 0 2 1 3 8 459
Retrospective vs. prospective analyses of school inputs: the case of flip charts in Kenya 0 0 7 334 1 5 47 1,183
School governance, teacher incentives, and pupil–teacher ratios: Experimental evidence from Kenyan primary schools 1 3 14 95 5 18 69 509
Searching for prosperity 0 0 0 107 1 8 28 506
Self-Control and the Development of Work Arrangements 0 0 0 114 0 2 17 387
Self-Control at Work 3 6 16 194 5 15 60 703
Should the WHO withdraw support for mass deworming? 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 9
Spring Cleaning: Rural Water Impacts, Valuation, and Property Rights Institutions 1 1 2 87 1 2 20 497
Teacher Absence in India: A Snapshot 0 2 16 442 1 7 44 3,114
Teacher Incentives 0 0 1 144 2 3 18 642
The Case for Mass Treatment of Intestinal Helminths in Endemic Areas 0 0 0 0 0 5 16 21
The Economics of International Refugee Law 0 0 1 35 0 6 12 172
The Illusion of Sustainability 1 1 5 262 4 10 51 1,256
The New Role for the World Bank 0 0 1 40 2 6 16 197
The O-Ring Theory of Economic Development 2 8 27 3,171 15 60 194 11,912
Using Randomized Controlled Trials to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 1 13 0 3 15 53
Vouchers for Private Schooling in Colombia: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment 0 0 1 449 2 6 26 1,713
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 17 2 8 16 121
Why Isn't Convergence Instantaneous? Young Workers, Old Workers, and Gradual Adjustment 0 1 1 76 0 4 8 314
Worms at Work: Long-run Impacts of a Child Health Investment 1 1 2 133 4 12 39 591
Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities 1 5 20 1,686 7 45 164 5,867
Total Journal Articles 17 58 232 17,432 256 674 2,239 68,486
2 registered items for which data could not be found


Book File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
Regional Public Goods: From Theory to Practice 0 0 0 54 1 3 19 201
Total Books 0 0 0 54 1 3 19 201


Chapter File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
Contract Farming and Agricultural Productivity in Western Kenya 0 0 2 54 1 4 13 168
Converging to Convergence 0 0 0 36 12 22 55 367
Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part I: Rationale 0 0 0 39 3 4 14 196
Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part II: Design Issues 0 0 0 34 1 3 14 185
Improving Health in Developing Countries 1 3 5 546 3 8 33 1,174
Incentivizing Innovation: Adding to the Tool Kit 0 0 0 84 1 3 14 279
Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries 2 2 8 1,370 3 8 75 4,767
Success in Entrepreneurship: Doing the Math 0 0 0 13 1 3 4 90
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 5 16 66 3,718 25 80 298 9,022
Total Chapters 8 21 81 5,894 50 135 520 16,248


Statistics updated 2026-06-04