Access Statistics for Michael Kremer

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Working Paper File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
A Biological Model of Unions 0 0 0 97 0 5 5 443
A Year of Desirable Difficulties: The Impact of Interleaving Math Practice in Nigeria 0 0 0 5 1 6 9 29
Advance Market Commitments for Vaccines Against Neglected Diseases: Estimating Costs and Effectiveness 0 0 0 13 1 8 12 101
Advance Market Commitments: Insights from Theory and Experience 0 0 0 30 2 7 12 126
Advanced Purchase Commitments for a Malaria Vaccine: Estimating Costs and Effectiveness 0 0 0 56 0 6 10 323
Blue Spoons: Sparking Communication About Appropriate Technology Use 0 0 1 8 1 12 22 60
Borrowing Requirements, Credit Access, and Adverse Selection: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 30 0 1 3 71
Borrowing Requirements, Credit Access, and Adverse Selection: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 2 27 3 11 19 150
Breaking Gender Barriers 0 0 0 8 2 5 6 41
Can Having Fewer Partners Increase Prevalence of Aids? 0 0 0 107 1 2 4 983
Converging to Convergence 1 3 8 110 9 28 43 202
Cost-Effective Prevention of Diarrheal Diseases: A Critical Review 0 0 0 99 3 15 21 476
Could Vaccine Dose Stretching Reduce COVID-19 Deaths? 0 0 0 10 1 7 9 48
Creating Markets for New Vaccines Part I: Rationale 0 0 0 223 9 16 22 863
Creating Markets for New Vaccines Part II: Design Issues 0 0 0 147 0 6 7 626
Decentralization: A cautionary tale 0 0 2 52 1 9 16 243
Designing Advance Market Commitments for New Vaccines 0 0 3 36 0 13 32 128
Designing Advance Market Commitments for New Vaccines 0 0 0 6 1 6 7 35
Digital Information Provision and Behavior Change: Lessons from Six Experiments in East Africa 0 0 1 17 3 10 41 69
Disorganization 0 1 2 476 2 10 14 1,216
Disorganization 0 0 0 0 1 8 10 1,169
Does Favorable Tax-Treatment of Housing Reduce Equipment Investment? 0 0 0 43 2 7 7 285
Does Mass Deworming Affect Child Nutrition? Meta-analysis, Cost-Effectiveness, and Statistical Power 0 0 0 56 1 3 9 102
Economic Transformation, Population Growth and the Long-Run World Income Distribution 0 0 0 218 4 10 16 987
Education and HIV/AIDS prevention: evidence from a randomized evaluation in Western Kenya 1 1 1 508 2 18 39 1,628
Education and hiv/aids prevention: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in western kenya 0 0 1 52 4 11 16 192
Education as Liberation? 0 1 1 135 0 8 12 974
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 1 75 9 15 25 208
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 1 186 0 20 34 381
Elephants 0 0 0 0 4 12 18 1,138
Elephants 0 0 1 169 0 6 8 1,346
Empathy or antipathy? The impact of diversity 0 0 0 23 1 10 15 206
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 0 0 1 7 1 7 11 109
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 0 1 2 10 2 9 32 92
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam’s Global Gathering 0 0 0 83 4 9 16 357
Expanding Capacity for Vaccines Against Covid-19 and Future Pandemics: A Review of Economic Issues 0 0 0 10 0 5 10 39
Experimentation, Innovation, and Economics 1 1 8 431 1 2 14 637
Globalization and International Public Finance 0 0 0 334 0 3 10 1,304
Good Policy or Good Luck? Country Growth Performance and Temporary Shocks 1 2 4 1,612 1 11 19 4,040
Guns, Latrines, and Land Reform: Private Expectations and Public Policy 0 0 0 24 2 6 8 71
How Much Does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 0 0 204 2 6 13 1,367
How Much Does Sorting Increase Inequality? 0 0 0 0 2 6 8 870
Incentives in Markets, Firms and Governments 0 0 0 333 3 6 13 1,337
Incentives to Learn 0 0 0 3 1 5 17 49
Incentives to Learn 0 0 1 180 0 4 8 859
Incentives to learn 0 0 0 19 2 3 4 192
Incentives to learn 0 0 1 164 10 50 54 605
Income-distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 290 0 3 5 1,044
Integrating Behavioral Choice into Epidemiological Models of the AIDS Epidemic 0 0 1 222 0 9 15 819
Intergenerational Child Mortality Impacts of Deworming: Experimental Evidence from Two Decades of the Kenya Life Panel Survey 0 0 0 31 2 6 6 38
Learning to Work Towards Goals: A Sequential Evaluation of the Effect of a Goal-Setting Course on Academic and Soft Skills 1 5 5 5 0 7 7 7
Lessons from Randomized Evaluations in Education and Health 0 0 0 3 0 11 12 36
Long-Term Consequences of Secondary School Vouchers: Evidence from Administrative Records in Colombia 0 0 2 212 1 11 19 961
Long-term consequences of secondary school vouchers: Evidence from administrative records in colombia 0 0 0 23 0 7 11 140
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 1 2 443 3 12 27 1,855
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 0 7 1 10 14 63
Meta-Analysis and Public Policy: Reconciling the Evidence on Deworming 0 0 0 75 0 8 14 125
Mosquitoes: The Long-TermEffects of Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 59 0 1 4 268
Mosquitoes: The Long-term Effects of Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 201 0 8 13 2,030
Networks, social learning, and technology adoption: The case of deworming drugs in kenya 1 2 6 69 5 11 27 317
Nudging Farmers to Use Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 3 187 2 13 31 612
Nudging Farmers to Utilize Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 1 3 87 2 9 15 300
Odious Debt 0 0 0 184 2 11 14 982
Optimal Subsidies for Prevention of Infectious Disease 0 0 1 5 1 5 8 35
Optimal Vaccine Subsidies for Endemic and Epidemic Diseases 0 0 0 17 2 5 10 40
Optimal Vaccine Subsidies for Endemic and Epidemic Diseases 0 0 0 19 4 13 16 75
Outside Funding of Community Organizations: Benefiting or Displacing the Poor? 0 0 0 95 2 6 10 457
Patent Buy-Outs: A Mechanism for Encouraging Innovation 0 0 1 321 0 3 9 1,686
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use Among College Students 0 0 0 13 1 11 16 78
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use Among College Students 0 0 0 563 3 10 13 4,343
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 2 3 7 101 12 43 55 538
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 2 3 4 274 2 13 28 1,089
Peer effects and alcohol use among college students 0 0 1 28 7 19 26 215
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 26 0 3 6 83
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 0 11 0 5 9 88
Preventives Versus Treatments 0 0 0 32 3 9 14 157
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global D 0 0 1 15 2 9 10 58
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global Demand for HIV Pharmaceuticals 0 0 0 45 1 6 10 99
Protecting Antiquities: A Role for Long-Term Leases? 0 0 0 32 2 6 12 66
Retrospective vs. Prospective Analyses of School Inputs: The Case of Flip Charts in Kenya 0 0 0 250 0 6 9 1,408
Retrospective vs. prospective analyses of school inputs: The case of flip charts in kenya 0 0 2 43 3 10 17 210
School Governance, Teacher Incentives, and Pupil-Teacher Ratios: Experimental Evidence from Kenyan Primary Schools 0 0 1 169 3 14 21 588
School Vouchers, Labor Markets and Vocational Education 3 7 20 337 4 11 37 689
School Vouchers, Labor Markets and Vocational Education 0 1 4 65 5 11 37 251
Schools meals, educational achievement and school competition: evidence from a randomized evaluation 2 3 7 373 8 22 36 1,042
Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries 0 3 4 178 4 13 25 452
Searching for Prosperity 0 0 0 181 0 5 11 811
Should the WHO withdraw support for mass deworming? 0 0 0 1 5 10 12 22
Spring Cleaning: Rural Water Impacts, Valuation and Property Rights Institutions 0 2 5 76 1 15 24 456
Teacher Incentives 0 0 0 438 2 8 19 2,994
Teacher incentives 0 0 0 39 3 15 19 249
Testing Fractional doses of COVID-19 Vaccines 0 0 0 7 0 10 13 52
Textbooks and test scores: Evidence from a prospective evaluation in kenya 0 3 10 172 5 23 55 621
The Case for Mass Treatment of Intestinal Helminths in Endemic Areas 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 9
The Endowment Effect and Collateralized Loans 0 0 0 12 1 5 11 47
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 0 1 1 7 15 107
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 1 144 1 7 15 645
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 0 65 2 13 20 415
The Impact of Free Secondary Education: Experimental Evidence from Ghana 1 1 11 126 13 29 74 389
The illusion of sustainability 0 0 0 14 0 5 8 249
The rockefeller effect 0 0 1 23 4 8 14 251
Twenty Year Economic Impacts of Deworming 1 1 2 22 7 15 22 106
Twenty-year economic impacts of deworming 0 0 0 37 2 8 13 44
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 0 44 0 9 13 112
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 0 58 0 3 5 174
Using RCTs to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 0 0 3 0 3 6 18
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 1 4 25 918 8 21 69 1,940
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 2 2 10 111 17 35 53 272
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 3 4 10 825 5 17 35 1,633
Vaccines vs. Preventives 0 0 0 10 3 8 11 70
Vouchers for Private Schooling in Colombia: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment 0 0 0 391 1 5 13 1,856
Vouchers for private schooling in colombia: Evidence from a randomized natural experiment 0 1 1 74 0 7 13 344
Wage Inequality and Segregation 0 0 0 1 0 4 8 1,039
Wage Inequality and Segregation by Skill 0 0 0 811 1 12 12 2,521
Wage Inequality and Segregation by Skill 0 0 0 0 0 6 15 1,686
Water Treatment And Child Mortality: A Meta-Analysis And Cost-effectiveness Analysis 0 0 0 109 1 6 10 42
Water Treatment and Child Mortality: Evidence from Kenya 0 0 0 17 0 9 23 76
Water and Human Well Being: An Executive Session on Grand Challenges of the Sustainability Transition 0 0 0 6 0 6 8 50
What Works in Fighting Diarrheal Diseases in Developing Countries? A Critical Review 0 1 1 90 1 8 10 433
What Works in Fighting Diarrheal Diseases in Developing Countries? A Critical Review 0 0 0 6 0 4 7 72
When Is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? The Impact of Time-Varying Consumer Heterogeneity 0 0 0 21 6 14 16 115
When Is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? The Impact of Time-Varying Consumer Heterogeneity 0 0 0 1 1 5 5 35
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 39 0 2 5 52
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 61 1 5 8 182
When is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? 0 0 0 6 1 5 7 65
When is Prevention More Profitable than Cure? 0 0 0 0 0 7 12 16
Why Are Drugs More Profitable Than Vaccines? 0 0 0 129 5 25 30 505
Why are Worker Cooperatives So Rare? 1 1 2 396 6 27 42 1,810
Why is There No AIDS Vaccine? 0 0 0 8 1 8 14 85
Worms at Work: Long-run Impacts of a Child Health Investment 0 0 0 65 4 11 19 217
Worms at work: Long-run impacts of a child health investment 1 1 2 85 3 6 18 87
Worms at work: Long-run impacts of a child health investment 0 0 1 4 3 10 15 38
Worms: Education and Health Externalities in Kenya 0 0 1 279 1 13 18 1,545
Worms: Education and health externalities in kenya 0 0 1 14 3 13 18 151
Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities, Data User's Guide 0 0 1 4 2 3 5 42
Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory and Disturbing Conclusions if Consumer Values Follow the World Income 0 0 0 6 2 4 8 48
Worst-Case Bounds on R&D and Pricing Distortions: Theory with an Application Assuming Consumer Values Follow the World Income Distribution 0 0 0 21 1 6 6 55
Young Workers, Old Workers, and Convergence 0 0 0 92 2 8 9 461
Total Working Papers 25 60 202 17,609 312 1,353 2,343 75,435


Journal Article File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
"Measuring Poverty": Discussion 0 0 0 29 0 3 3 126
A Biological Model of Unions 0 0 1 26 0 5 11 217
A teoria "anel em O" de desenvolvimento econômico 0 0 0 3 1 4 6 28
Advance Market Commitments: A Policy to Stimulate Investment in Vaccines for Neglected Diseases 1 2 3 144 1 6 12 478
Advance Market Commitments: Insights from Theory and Experience 0 0 1 24 4 11 16 109
Are Educational Vouchers Only Redistributive? 0 0 0 33 4 9 13 194
Behavioral Biases and Firm Behavior: Evidence from Kenyan Retail Shops 0 1 1 28 0 3 8 203
Creating Markets for Vaccines (Innovations Case Discussion: International AIDS Vaccine Initiative) 0 0 0 9 0 2 4 66
Deworming and Development: Asking the Right Questions, Asking the Questions Right 0 0 0 1 1 5 8 19
Disorganization 0 2 5 41 2 17 31 1,218
Does favorable tax-treatment of housing reduce non-housing investment? 0 0 0 15 1 2 5 66
Early-Life Malaria Exposure and Adult Outcomes: Evidence from Malaria Eradication in India 0 0 0 43 2 7 14 280
Economic and political effects on currency clustering dynamics 0 0 1 3 1 3 6 18
Economic transformation, population growth and the long-run world income distribution 0 1 1 96 3 10 16 585
Education as Liberation? 0 0 3 40 2 11 19 234
Education, HIV, and Early Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Kenya 0 0 2 110 2 9 28 473
Elephants 0 0 2 75 0 6 14 430
Elephants: Reply 0 0 0 16 0 3 4 120
Empathy or Antipathy? The Impact of Diversity 0 0 1 27 2 9 16 297
Encouraging Private Sector Research for Tropical Agriculture 0 0 2 34 0 8 13 145
Estimating the Impact of The Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering 0 0 2 61 0 4 23 428
Experimentation, Innovation, and Economics 0 1 8 190 0 7 31 522
Good policy or good luck?: Country growth performance and temporary shocks 0 1 3 1,047 7 14 43 3,064
Guns, Latrines, and Land Reform: Dynamic Pigouvian Taxation 0 0 0 18 1 6 8 192
How High Are Rates of Return to Fertilizer? Evidence from Field Experiments in Kenya 2 2 3 267 6 54 60 833
How Much does Sorting Increase Inequality? 1 2 4 32 5 20 29 874
Improving Education in the Developing World: What Have We Learned from Randomized Evaluations? 0 0 0 87 0 6 11 278
Incentives to Learn 0 0 20 313 3 17 93 1,187
Incentivizing Innovation: Adding to the Tool Kit 0 0 1 14 3 11 15 116
Income Distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 103 2 8 11 485
Income-Distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility 0 0 0 81 2 7 11 307
Integrating Behavioral Choice into Epidemiological Models of AIDS 0 1 1 155 1 6 11 445
Long-Term Educational Consequences of Secondary School Vouchers: Evidence from Administrative Records in Colombia 0 0 2 359 2 17 33 1,174
Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya 0 0 2 248 1 8 25 932
Missing in Action: Teacher and Health Worker Absence in Developing Countries 0 1 1 346 4 25 46 1,978
Motivation matters: merit scholarships and student achievement 0 0 0 52 1 2 3 158
Nudging Farmers to Use Fertilizer: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Kenya 1 3 9 470 7 23 49 1,645
Odious Debt 0 0 0 156 0 6 8 700
Outside Funding and the Dynamics of Participation in Community Associations 0 1 3 11 0 8 12 40
Paper by Carroll and Weil: A comment 0 0 0 35 0 4 4 128
Patent Buyouts: A Mechanism for Encouraging Innovation 0 1 13 329 1 24 64 1,519
Peer Effects and Alcohol Use among College Students 0 0 0 46 3 9 20 731
Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya 1 4 5 335 7 21 40 1,443
Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World 0 0 1 813 1 7 17 2,006
Population Growth and Technological Change: One Million B.C. to 1990 1 3 23 2,917 10 39 104 9,360
Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability 0 0 1 18 2 6 15 64
Preventives Versus Treatments 0 0 0 42 2 5 14 283
Preventives Versus Treatments Redux: Tighter Bounds on Distortions in Innovation Incentives with an Application to the Global Demand for HIV Pharmaceuticals 0 0 0 8 3 9 11 65
Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations 0 0 0 40 1 4 6 196
Randomized Evaluations of Educational Programs in Developing Countries: Some Lessons 0 0 2 611 1 8 13 1,358
Research on Schooling: What We Know and What We Don't: A Comment 0 0 0 2 1 2 5 456
Retrospective vs. prospective analyses of school inputs: the case of flip charts in Kenya 0 1 14 334 4 18 54 1,178
School governance, teacher incentives, and pupil–teacher ratios: Experimental evidence from Kenyan primary schools 3 5 14 92 9 24 63 491
Searching for prosperity 0 0 0 107 6 16 20 498
Self-Control and the Development of Work Arrangements 0 0 0 114 0 9 17 385
Self-Control at Work 1 4 10 188 7 20 49 688
Should the WHO withdraw support for mass deworming? 0 0 0 0 1 1 4 6
Spring Cleaning: Rural Water Impacts, Valuation, and Property Rights Institutions 0 0 1 86 1 8 21 495
Teacher Absence in India: A Snapshot 5 7 18 440 6 16 48 3,107
Teacher Incentives 0 0 1 144 2 7 18 639
The Case for Mass Treatment of Intestinal Helminths in Endemic Areas 0 0 0 0 1 8 11 16
The Economics of International Refugee Law 1 1 1 35 1 5 7 166
The Illusion of Sustainability 0 0 4 261 5 22 46 1,246
The New Role for the World Bank 0 0 1 40 0 6 11 191
The O-Ring Theory of Economic Development 4 7 26 3,163 19 85 160 11,852
Using Randomized Controlled Trials to Estimate Long-Run Impacts in Development Economics 0 1 1 13 2 7 13 50
Vouchers for Private Schooling in Colombia: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment 0 1 2 449 0 8 26 1,707
When Should Governments Subsidize Health? The Case of Mass Deworming 0 0 0 17 0 4 8 113
Why Isn't Convergence Instantaneous? Young Workers, Old Workers, and Gradual Adjustment 0 0 0 75 1 3 4 310
Worms at Work: Long-run Impacts of a Child Health Investment 0 0 1 132 5 11 34 579
Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities 5 8 19 1,681 13 81 144 5,822
Total Journal Articles 26 61 240 17,374 186 879 1,840 67,812
2 registered items for which data could not be found


Book File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
Regional Public Goods: From Theory to Practice 0 0 0 54 3 10 18 198
Total Books 0 0 0 54 3 10 18 198


Chapter File Downloads Abstract Views
Last month 3 months 12 months Total Last month 3 months 12 months Total
Contract Farming and Agricultural Productivity in Western Kenya 0 0 2 54 0 5 9 164
Converging to Convergence 0 0 0 36 5 16 37 345
Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part I: Rationale 0 0 1 39 0 8 13 192
Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part II: Design Issues 0 0 0 34 3 8 11 182
Improving Health in Developing Countries 0 0 17 543 2 10 44 1,166
Incentivizing Innovation: Adding to the Tool Kit 0 0 0 84 2 5 13 276
Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries 0 3 9 1,368 3 36 80 4,759
Success in Entrepreneurship: Doing the Math 0 0 0 13 0 1 3 87
Using Randomization in Development Economics Research: A Toolkit 8 18 64 3,702 41 114 269 8,942
Total Chapters 8 21 93 5,873 56 203 479 16,113


Statistics updated 2026-03-04